Machine



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. W. POST.

SEWING MACHINE.

No. 320,394. Patented June 16, 1885.

In z/ 6* 732W.'

N. PETERS. Pho Li|nogr=phen washmgtun, D. C.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-SheetA 2.

J. W. POST.

SEWING MAGHINE.

No. 320,394. Patented June 16, 1885.

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N. PETERS, Pnmrmnngmphw. wmmgm. D. c,

(No Model.) e sheets-sheen 3.

J. W. POST.

SEWING MACHINE.

Patented June 16, 1885.

N, PETERS, Pham-Limognphnr. washmgon, nc.

6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

J. W. POST.

SEWING MACHINE.

No. 320,394. Patented June 16, 1885.

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.,

(No Model.)

J. W. POST.

SEWING MACHINE.

No. 320,394. Patented June 46, 1885..

(No Mdel.) 6 sheets-Sheet J. W. POST.

SEWING MAGHINE.

Patented June 16, 1885l No. 32G,394.

Wtnemesf Ntra States JOHN V7. POST, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,394, dated June 16, 1885.

Application tiled June 27, 1884.

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that l, JOHN W. POST, a citizen of the United States, residing 'at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sewing-Machines, of which the following is a speciiication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates more particularly to that class of sewing-machines capable by means of interchangeable parts of forming different kinds of stitches at the pleasure of the operator, and the object of my present invention is to provide a machine of this kind which will be simple in construction, adapted to high rates of speed. very light running, and almost noiseless, while the interchangeable parts of the stitch-forming mechanism are of such structure that they may be applied to or removed from the machine quickly and easily without the use of a screw-driver or other special instruments, the parts being changed as readily as are hemmers, guides, or other or' dinary simple attachments.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a detail view showing the connections ofthe lower and upper shafts. Figs. 3 and 4 are, respectively, top and bottom plan views, the former being partly in section. Fig, 5 is a front elevation with the vbed-plate in section, showing the chain-stitch looper in position. Fig. 6 is a similar view with the lock-stitch mechanism in place and the face-plate removed. Fig. 7 is a front elevation showing the double chainstitch mechanism in place. Fig. 7ZL is a detail view of the looperoperating crank-disk. Fig. 8 is a top view of the loekstitch looper and bobbin-supporter and the detachable bracket to which these parts are attached. Figs. 9 and 10 are, respectively, a front elevation and a horizontal section of the same. Fig. 10L is a detail view showing the means for locking the detachable bracket to the machine. Fig. 11 is a detail view showing the bobbin and bobbin-case and the means for preventing the rotation of the latter. Figs. 12 and 13 are detail views ofthe single chainstitch looper. Figs'. 14, 15, and 16 show the double chain-stitch looper in detail. Figs. 17,

1S, and 18 show the spring for moving the i,

(No model.)

detail views of modiicd forms ot loopers to be A used therewith.

A indicates the bed-plate, to which is secured the bracket-arm B, and O is the main or driving shaft journaled beneath the bedplate. To the main shaft is secured an eccentric, c, connected by a pitman, I), to the rear arm, c, ofa rock-shaft, E,journaled in the horizontal portion of the bracket-arm. A crank, c, on the forward end of the shaft E, is connected by a link, f, with a cross head, F, se cured to the needlebar G.

H is the presser b ir, which is round, like the needle-bar, and the cross head F is formed with a half-round recess fitting the presserbar, which thus serves to guide and steady the cross-head, the latter heilig preferably partly split, as shown, so that wear may be compensated for by an fuljnsting-scrcw, j". (See Fig. 3.) The shaft C is provided at its forward end with a disk, c, having a crankpin, c2, for actuating the single and double chain-stitch loopers.

I is the single chain-'stitch looper, having a loopinghook, 1'., at its upper end and a camslot, i, near its center.A This cani-slot is prefera-bl y formed in an off-set or projecting portion i, arranged in a circular recess, c3, in the face of the disk cf, the crank-pin c2 being placed in said recess. By recessing the face ofthe disk and using the off-set cam-slot projection, a crank-pin, for operating the looper, which will not projectbeyond the face of the disk, may be employed, and such crank-pin need not, therefore, be removed when the lock stitch mechanism is to be applied. The looper l is carried by a shaft, J, preferably formed integral with said looper by drop-forging, said shaft being sustained by a bored bracket, a, depending from the bed-plate. The inner end of the shaft J projects through the bracket a, and is formed with an annular recess,j, adapted to be engaged by a slotted latch,j', pivoted to the bracket a. lt will be obvious that said latch, when swung into position to engage said recess, will serve to hold the shaft in place in the bracket, but when said latch is disengaged from the shaft the latter, with its attached IOO looper, may readily be removed from the machine.

K is the double chain-stitch looper, which, in general form, is much like the single chainstitch looper I, the position of its loopinghook 7c relative to the needlebeing, however, reversed. The looping-hook k is provided with eyes for the thread, as is common with this class of loopers. The cam-slot k', near the center of the looper, which is for the reception of the crank-pin c2, is perferably forinedin a projecting or off-set portion, 7a2, thus adapting this looper to the recess c3 of the disk c. The looper K is attached to or formed integral with a shaft, L, corresponding to the shaft J ofthe single chain stitch looper, said shaft being adapted to the bracket a, in which it is held by a latchspring, le, detachably secured to the bed-plate, by engaging with its forked upper end the head of a pin, a2,its central portion .being held between the pin a3 on the bracket c and the thimble af, which forms one of the bearings for the shaft C. The lower end of lthe spring kf engages the annular recess lin the shaft L, said spring having a tendency to draw said shaft inward, or toward the right in Fig. 18, but permittini.r said shaft to move slightly in the opposite direction, when in operation, to allow the looping-hook to move laterally, so that it may'vibrate on both sides of the needle, as is common with double chain-stitch lcopers. To provide for this lateral movement ofthe looper K a small lug, 7c3 is formed thereon, and the disk c is provided'with a face-cam,'c4, adjacent to said lug, so that as the said disk revolves the cooperating spring and face-cam move the looper and its shaft laterally, said shaft sliding easily endwise in its bearing to accommodate itself to the lateral movements of the looper, which, however, are very slight, being in practice hardly one-sixteenth of an inch.

M is a bracket adapted to be removably secured to the under side of the bed-plate A by dowel-pins co4 and a5 on said bed-plate entering holes m and m in said bracket, the under side of the bed-plate having a milled seal, a, against which said bracket fits. The lar-ger dowel-pin a5 projects through the hole m', which is in the thinner part of the bracket, said pin being provided with an under-cut groove, adapted to be engaged by a locking lever, N, pivoted to the bracket and provided with an inclined or wedge-shape portion n, enl gagin g the said under-cut groove of the'pin a5. When the bracket M is placed in position on the dowel-pins, it may be securely fastened to the bed-plate simply by turning the'lever N into engagement with the pin a5, and by turning said lever out of en gagement with said pin said bracket is quickly rendered `removable from said bed-plate. A

To the bracket M are attached the lock-stitch looper O and the bobbin-supporter P, these parts being thus adapted to be applied to or removed from the machine with said bracket. The looper O has a looping-hook, o, of wellknown form, and a crank-pin,0, freely entering a hole, c5, in the crank-disk c, the rear end of the arm of said looper being jointed to a forked link, m, pivoted within a recess, m3, in the bracket M, the arm of the looper pass ing through a slotin said bracket. The forkedlink mis of thickness closel corres ondin@r A The bobbin-supporter P consists of two arms,

p and p', the former being rigidly attached to the said bracket, and the latter pivoted or hinged thereto, so that it may be swung aside when the bobbin-case@ and its inclosed bobbin q are to be inserted or removed. A locking-lever, 192, pivoted to the bracket M at a point in a vertical line between the endsof the arm p', serves to hold said arm securely in working position, said lever engaging said arm between its pivot and its outer end, so as to have a firm bearing against the same. The fric- -tional contact between said arm and lever is suficientto prevent any accidental displacement of the latter.

It will be seen that the bracket M consists of horizontal and vertical portions, the former portion fitting against the milled seat c6 on the under side of the bed-plate, and being provided with holes for the reception of the dowel-pins a4 a5, while the bobbin-supporter .P and the lock-stitch looper O are both supported by the vertical portion of said bracket, the said looper being attached to said bracket by means of the link m2 in the recess m3, as above described. The bobbin-case Q is loosely held between the recessed ends of the arms p and p', the former being provided with an overhan gin g guard, p3, for keeping the bobbinthread out of the way of the looping-hook.

To prevent the rotation of the bobbin-ease the latter is formed with av flattened side, q', and the inside ot' the recessed part of the rigid arm p with a straight portion, p, against which the iiattened side of the bobbin case bears.

With bobbin holders or supporters of the class herein shown it has heretofore usually been customary to use a spring for holding the bobbin in its case. To dispense with such a spring and thereby reduce the number of parts, l have provided the recessed and openfaced end ofthe arm p of my bobbin-supporter with a lip or lug, p5, which projects inwardly slightly beyond the periphery and over the face ofthe bobbin, and thus prevents the latter from coming out of its case when in operative position. This lu g is preferably extended inward from the outer side of the bobbinsupporting arm p', as in such position it is out ofthe way of the loops of needle-thread passing around the bobbin-case at the moment IOO IIO

when the strain on said thread by the looper is greatest. The fiy-wheel D is provided with the usual belt-pulley el, and adjacent to the latter, on a stud secured tothe table A ofthe machine in line with the main shaft C, is mounted a pulley-wheel, d, for holding a driving-belt when the machine is to be removed from the table or when it is desired to wind bobbins from the driving-wheel below the table without ruiming the machine.

Instead of forming the crank-disk c with the recess c3, and the single and double chainstitch loopers I and K with offset or projecting portions entering` said recess, (which construction is preferable, as it requires fewer parts,) these loopers may be made without these offset projecting portions, and a separate detachable disk, as cl". Figs. 19, 20, 21, and 22, carrying the crank-pin e2, be employed. rlhis removable disk will be held in position by a steadying-spindle, c, to which it is fixed. entering a central hole in the shaft, and dowel-pins c'3 on the disk cm entering holes in the main disk c. rIhesc pins will cause' the former to rotate with the latter. the disk cw being held against the disk c by the looper which is being operated by the crank-pin carried thereby.

In the modification the face-cam 0* which, in connection with a co-operating spring, imparts the lateral movements to the double chain-stitch looper, may be recessed into the face of the looper-operating disk el", so that its highest portion is just flush with the face of the disk, as shown in Figs. 19 and 20, or said cam may be raised above the face ot' the said disks, as shown in Figs. 21 and 22.

R is the thread spool from which the thread passes through a tension device, S, and a takeup device attached to or formed integral with the cross-head1? to the needle. These tcnsion and take-up devices are not herein claimed or fully described, as they constitute the subject-matter of another application, Seria-l No. 136,181, filed simultaneously herewith.

The operation of my machine will be readily understood by those skilled in the art from the foregoing. When the main shaft is rotated, the eccentric thereon, through the pitman inthe vertical portion ot' the bracket-arm, will impart a rocking motion to the upper shaft, which, being connected with the needlebar, will give a vertical reciprocating movement to the latter. Supposing the single chain-stitch looper to be in position to co-operate with the needle, said looper will be vibrated by the crank-pin c2, working in the cam-slot in the looper. When the needle has descended to its lowest point and has commenced to rise, the loop of thread then thrown out by said needle will be seized by the vibrating looper and held until the needle descends at the formation of the next stitch. The looper moves backward as the needle is coming down, so that the first loop will be held in position for the needle to pass the second loop through it, the looper then backing out or casting off the iirst loop. As the needle begins to rise the looper again moves forward, seizes the second loop and draws it through the first, which is tightened by the extension ofthe second loop and the drawing up of the thread by the take-up on the needle-bar. These operations are repeated indefinitely during the formation of chain -stitches. rIlhe double chain-stitch is formed in substantially the same manner as in the well-known Grover & Baker machine. The looper K, having been placed in position and supplied with thread from the spool X, sustained beneath the work-plate, and the machine being set in motion, the needle descends to its lowest point and as it begins its upward movement the looper operated by the crank-pin. c2, working in the cam-slot k', moves forward and seizes the loop of needle-thread. As the needle continues its ascent the face-cam c4, operating against the lug 7c3, moves the looper slightly outward or laterally, so that when the needle again descends it passes between the looper and the thread ofthe latter, thus carrying a loop of the needle-thread through a loop of the looper-thread. The looperl then retreats, backing out of or casting oft the loop ot'needlethread, and as soon as the face-cam has passed beyond the lug the looper returns to its first position under the stress of the spring 7c, acting on the looper-shaft. rlhe needle has in the meantime continued to descend, carrying a new loop through the old loop of needlethread east oit' from the looper, and as said needle again begins to rise the looper again moves forward, seizes the new loop of needlethread and draws it through the old one. Thus the operation continues, the loops of needle and looper thread being passed alternately through each other and tightened into the fabric by the upward and backward movements of the needle-bar and looper, respectively.

When itis desired to form lock-stitches, the bracket M, with its attached looper and bobbin-supporter, will be placed in position and secured to the bed-plate by turning the locking-lever N into engagement with the undercut pin a5, the crank-pin o on the looper being entered into the hole c5 in the crank-disk c. Motion being imparted to the machine, the needle descends, and as it commences its upward movement'it throws out a loop of thread, which is seized by the looping-hook o. The needle continues its movement and the loopin g-hook passes around and below the bobbincase and bobbin, carrying with it the expanded loop of needle-thread. When the said loophook is on the lower side of the bobbin-case, it will be moving backward or from its point, instead of forward or toward its point, as it does when on the upper side of said bobbincase, and during this backward movement the looper becomes disengaged from its loop after having carried the latter past the center ot' the bobbin-casc. 'Ihe looper, continuing its movement, seizes a second loop of needle- IOO IOS

IIO

thread,which has in the meantime been thrown out by the needle, and in expanding this sec ond loop in carrying it round the bobbin-case the first loop is tightened into the fabric, thereby completing the stitch. Thus the operation continues, resulting in a seam of lockstitches.

From the foregoing it will be obvious that chain, double-chain, or lock stitches may be produced at the pleasure of the operator, the different loopers to form these different stitches being quickly and easily attached to or removed from the machine.

Having thus described my 1invention, I claiml. In a sewing-machine, the combination of a shaft having a crank-disk provided With a recess in its face, a crank-pin arranged in said recess, and a pivoted looper having an offset or projecting portion adapted to be received vinto said recess and having a cam-slot formed in said offset portion, substantially as set forth.

2. In a sewing-machine, a crank-disk adapted to co-operate with interchangeable chain, double-chain, and lock-stitch loopers, said disk having in its face a recess in which is arranged a crankpin, a hole for the reception of the crank-pin of the lock-stitch looper, and a face cam for moving the double-chainrstitch looper laterally, combined with mechanism for operating said crank-disk and at will with one of' said loopers, substantially as set forth.

3. In a sewing machine, the combination, with the bed-plate having a bored bracket, of a looper having a cam-slot near its center, a pivot-shaft for said looper at the lower end thereof, a device for removably securing said shaft in said bracket, and mechanism for operating said looper, substantially as set forth.

4. In a sewing-machine, the combination, with the bed-plate having a depending bored bracket, of alooper having a pivot-shaft extending through said bracket and provided with an annular recess, and a slotted lockinglatch adapted to engage said recess to hold the looper-shaft and looperin place, subst-antially as set forth.

5. In a sewing-machine, the combination, with a shaft having a crank-disk provided with a crank-pin and a face-cam, ot' a double chain-stitch looper having on one face a projecting lug, a longitudinally-movable pivotshaft connected with saidlooper, and asprin g for moving said shaft in opposition to the movements imparted thereto by said face-cam, substantially as set forth.

6. In a sewing-machine, the combination, with the bedplate thereof having dowel-pins,

one ot which is provided with an under-cut recess, of a bracket having vertical and horizontal portions, the latter provided with holes for the reception of said pins, a locking-lever having an inclined portion for engagement with said under-cut pin, and a lock-stitch looper and bobbin-supporter, both connected with the vertical portion of said bracket, and thus attachable to and removable from the machine therewith, substantially as set forth.

7. In an interchangeable-stitch sewing-machine, the combination, with a bedplate having a milled seat, a6, and dowel-pins, one of the latter being provided with an under-cut recess, of a bracket having vertical and horizontal portions, the latter portion fitting against said milled seat and being provided with holes for the reception of said pins, a locking-1ever pivoted to the horizontal portion of said bracket and having an inclined portion for engagement with the under-cut dowelpin, and a lock-stitchv looper and bobbin-snpporter, both connected with the vertical portion of saidl bracket, substantially asset forth.

8. In a sewing-machine, the combination, with a lock-stitch looper having a crank pin, of a disk having a hole for the reception of said pin, a bracket having a recess, and a link jointed to the arm of said looper and arranged in said recess, said link having a thickness closely corresponding to the width of said recess and being thus adapted to be steadied and guided by the walls thereof, substantially as set forth.

9. In a sewing-machine, the combination, with a removable bracket, of a bobbin-supporter carried thereby and composed of a fixed and a pivoted arm, and a locking-lever pivoted to said bracket at a point in a vertical line between the ends of said arm and thus adapted to bear against the same to hold it in working position between its pivot and its free end, substantially as set forth.

. l0. In a sewing-machine, the combination of a bobbinsupporter composed of two arms recessed for the reception of the-bobbin-case, one of the said arms having an open face and an inwardly-projecting lip or lug, a bobbin- IOO IOS

case, and a bobbin supported therein, said lug projectingover the bobbin and thus serving to hold the latter in its case, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I aftix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN W. POST. Witnesses:

ALBERT H. NoRRis, J ULIUs G. CLARK.

IIO 

